TB-500 is the synthetic version of Thymosin Beta-4, a 43-amino-acid peptide (MW 4963 g/mol) that regulates cytoskeleton dynamics by binding to and sequestering globular actin, critical for cell motility and structural change. It promotes angiogenesis by upregulating microRNA-146a to suppress pro-inflammatory pathways, and in injury models accelerates wound healing by increasing IL-1β and IL-6 while subsequently reducing pro-inflammatory chemoattractants. Its anti-apoptotic properties inhibit programmed cell death in corneal epithelial and cardiac cells by blocking caspases and activating survival kinases like Akt, and in cardiac research it promotes heart cell survival and repair by activating integrin-linked kinase.


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