TB-500 is the synthetic version of Thymosin Beta-4, a 43-amino-acid peptide (MW 4963 g/mol) that is the principal actin-sequestering molecule in eukaryotic cells, regulating cytoskeleton dynamics critical for cell movement and migration via its conserved actin-binding domain LKKTETQ. It upregulates microRNA-146a to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, promotes angiogenesis, and accelerates recovery in corneal, dermal, and cardiac tissue models. In the heart, it reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis, increases the survival kinase Akt, and promotes cardiac repair by activating integrin-linked kinase, while its low molecular weight allows it to travel long distances through tissues for systemic effects from local introduction.



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