MOTS-c (10mg)

MOTS-c is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA that acts as a ‘mitokine,’ translocating to the nucleus under metabolic stress to regulate nuclear gene expression and promote metabolic homeostasis by inhibiting the folate cycle and activating AMPK. With a molecular weight of 2174.64 g/mol, it promotes browning of white adipose tissue, reduces fat accumulation, and improves glucose tolerance in obesity models while stimulating osteoblast differentiation and type I collagen synthesis via TGF-β/SMAD pathway in bone. It improves physical performance and motor coordination in aged models by optimizing energy metabolism, interacts with pathways regulating NAD+ levels, and regulates genes involved in heat shock responses and proteostasis for extended healthspan.