Pinealon (20mg)

Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg) is a short tripeptide and cell-penetrating peptide that traverses both cell and nuclear membranes to interact directly with DNA, epigenetically regulating gene expression without binding to cell surface receptors. With a molecular weight of 418.41 g/mol, it protects neurons against oxidative and hypoxic stress by reducing reactive oxygen species and activating anti-oxidative enzyme systems while reducing NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity. It reduces cellular aging rate in the brain, upregulates tryptophan hydroxylase expression for increased serotonin production, modulates apoptosis by regulating caspase-3 levels, and influences sleep regulation by helping reset the pineal gland’s circadian rhythm.